| the more weakened groups, the less he depends on them. the more he consequently depends only on himself. no other rules of conduct: EGOISM ... in wh/ ego asserts itself to excess. egoistic suicide springs from excessive individualism - egoistic suicide results from man's no longer finding a basis for existence in life; altruistic bc this basis for life is beyond life; anomic bec lack regulation |
âá âá âá âá
egoistic altruistic anomic fatalistic
Altruistic suicide: Altruism is a state opposite to egoism, in wh the ind is extremely attached to the society and thus has no life of their own. Inds who commit suicide based on altruism die bc they believe that their death can bring about a benefit to the society. i.e., when an ind is too heavily integrated into society, they will commit suicide regardless of their own hesitation if soc's norms ask for the person's death. Durkheim saw this as occurring in 2 diff ways:
- Where people saw themselves as worthless or a burden upon society & wld therefore commit suicide. He saw this as happening in ancient or 'primitive' societies, but also in highly trad army regiments, e.g., imperial or elite guards, in contemporary society.
-
Where people saw social world as
meaningless & would sacrifice themselves
for a greater ideal. Durkheim saw this as
happening in 'Eastern' religions, such as
the
Sati
in Hinduism. Some contemporary sociologists
have used this analysis to explain
Kamikaze
pilots and the cult of the
suicide bomber.
The altruistic suicide man says, " . . . "
âá âá âá âá
egoistic altruistic anomic fatalistic
Anomic suicide: Anomie is a state in which
there is weak social regulation between
soc's norms & the ind, most often
brought on by dramatic chgs in econ and/or soc
circumstances. This type of suicide happens when
soc norms and laws governing the society do
not correspond with the life goals of the
ind. Since the ind does not identify w
the norms of the society, suicide seems to be a
way to escape them. E.g., the spike
in suicide rates following the 1929 Stock Market
Crash in the United States, as well as the spike
following
John F. Kennedy's
assassination
and the
September 11th attacks.
The
anomic suicide man says, " . . . "
|
ANOMIC SUICIDE needs need to be in proportion to one's means: friction unsatisfied tendencies atrophy - weaken amm depends tot. on mat. conditions. man-most needs are not body ... 67 the quantity of mat supplies nec to the physical maintenance of a human life is subject to computation - and a winder margin for the free combinations of the will ... better conditions ... desirable ends ... crave fulfillment ... legitimately to be craved. NOTHING EXTERNAL CAN RESTRAIN THIS CAPACITY - it can only be a source of torment instability morbidity goal is infinity bottom 67 ... "To achieve any other result, the passions 1st must be ltd. Only then can they be harmonized w the faculties & satisfied. but since the ind. has no way of limiting them, this must be done by a force outside him. Physical restraint cannot be touched - hearts cannot be reached. so they must receive it from an authority wh they respect, to wh/ they yield spontaneously. |
âá âá âá âá
egoistic altruistic anomic fatalistic
Fatalistic : Fatalism is a state
opposite to anomie in wh/ socl regulation
is completely instilled in the indi;
there is no hope of chg ag the
oppressive discipline of society. The only
way for the ind to be released fr this
state is to commit suicide. Durkheim saw this as
the reason for slaves committing suicide
in antiquity, but saw it as having little
relevance in modern society. Contemporary
soc'ts have argued that modern fatalistic
suicide occurs in such societies as Japan, where
social mobility is so limited by social norms
that individual fulfillment is impossible.
The
Fatalistic suicide man says, ". . . "